Tiberius was the second Roman emperor, reigning from the year 14 to 37 AD. He was the adopted son and successor of Augustus, the first emperor, and a member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty.
Before becoming emperor, Tiberius was a successful military commander and a respected politician, known for his strategic ability and intelligence. When Augustus died in 14 AD, Tiberius succeeded him.
His reign was marked by a series of successes and controversies. During the early years, Tiberius maintained peace and focused on the efficient management of the empire. However, over time, he became increasingly suspicious and distrustful of the Roman nobility and political institutions. He is often remembered for his difficult relationship with the Senate and his policy of repression towards those he perceived as threats to his power, who were often tried for treason and then executed.
Among the most controversial issues of his reign was his fiscal policy, introducing new taxes and levies that sparked dissent among the population. Additionally, his decision to retire to live on Capri, away from Rome, leaving much of the power in the hands of trusted men, led to a period of relatively inefficient and corrupt governance.
When he died in 37 AD, he was succeeded by his nephew, Caligula. His figure has been the subject of contrasting interpretations: some historians view him as a competent but severe ruler, while others consider him a paranoid and cruel tyrant.
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