Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), an Italian physicist, astronomer, and mathematician, is considered the father of modern science. His revolutionary introduction of the "Galilean method" marked the transition of science from a metaphysical perspective to one based on experimentation. His role in the astronomical revolution, support for the heliocentric system, and defense of the Copernican theory are well-known. Initially supported by the Church, he was later persecuted, prosecuted, and condemned. In 1992, the Church acknowledged the errors made, rehabilitating Galileo.
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