The Etruscan dynasty of the Tarquins refers to the period of the "Etruscan kings" of Rome, namely Tarquinius Priscus, Servius Tullius, and Tarquinius Superbus, spanning from 616 to 509 BC. Although it is not impossible that Rome was under Etruscan rule for approximately a century, Roman tradition describes this period as a tyrannical despotism. A significant migration of nobles and workers, mainly from Etruria, led to the rise of Etruscan groups that took control of the mercantile economy and political power in Rome. Following the expulsion of Tarquinius Superbus in 509 BC, the republican period began. During the reign of the "Etruscan kings," power passed hereditarily, and the Tarquinian dynasty led to a more absolutist authority compared to previous kings. Significant reforms were observed, such as the increase in senators and the establishment of the census by Servius Tullius. The violation of the Senate's sovereignty bred resentment, contributing to the expulsion of Tarquinius Superbus. Tarquinius Priscus introduced Etruscan customs, and Servius Tullius implemented military reforms, also transforming civilian life with the institution of the comitia centuriata.
Language: English